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It is also crucial to understand who is at a higher risk for myocarditis and which vaccine type is associated with increased myocarditis risk."įor example, women 40 and older receiving a first or third dose of the Pfizer vaccine had a respective three and two extra cases of myocarditis per 1 million women vaccinated. "This risk should be balanced against the benefits of the COVID-19 vaccines in preventing severe COVID-19 infection. Mills is a professor and the Butler British Heart Foundation Chair of Cardiology at the University of Edinburgh in Scotland. "It is important for the public to understand that myocarditis is rare, and the risk of developing myocarditis after a COVID-19 vaccine is also rare," co-author Nicholas Mills said in the release. The Pfizer and Moderna mRNA vaccines are available in the U.S. Men under 40 who received a second dose of the Moderna vaccine had a higher risk of myocarditis following vaccination. But the risk of myocarditis associated with the vaccine was lower than the risk associated with COVID-19 infection before or after vaccination – with one exception. The risk for myocarditis increased after receiving the first dose of the AstraZeneca vaccine, and after a first, second and booster dose of the Pfizer or Moderna vaccine. But that risk was cut in half if a person was infected after receiving at least one dose of a COVID-19 vaccine. The analysis showed people infected with COVID-19 before receiving a vaccine were 11 times more at risk for developing myocarditis within 28 days of testing positive for the virus. During the one-year study period, 2,861 people – or 0.007% – were hospitalized or died with myocarditis. Nearly 6 million tested positive for COVID-19 either before or after receiving a vaccine.
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More than 21 million had received three doses of the vaccine – the initial two-shot regimen plus a booster.
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In the new study, researchers analyzed records from England's National Immunization database for nearly 43 million people 13 or older who had received at least one dose of a COVID-19 vaccine between Dec. Previous research from around the world, including reports from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, has shown a potential increased risk of myocarditis after receiving an mRNA COVID-19 vaccine. The condition may resolve on its own or with treatment, or it may lead to lasting heart damage. Myocarditis can weaken the heart muscle as well as the electrical system that keeps the heart pumping normally. It is uncommon and typically triggered by a viral infection. Myocarditis is the inflammation of the middle layer of the heart muscle wall, known as the myocardium. "This analysis provides important information that may help guide public health vaccine campaigns, particularly since COVID-19 vaccination has expanded in many parts of the world to include children as young as 6 months old," Patone said.
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She is a statistician at the University of Oxford Nuffield Department of Primary Health Care Sciences in England. "We found that across this large dataset, the entire COVID-19-vaccinated population of England during an important 12-month period of the pandemic when the COVID-19 vaccines first became available, the risk of myocarditis following COVID-19 vaccination was quite small compared to the risk of myocarditis after COVID-19 infection," the study's lead author, Martina Patone, said in a news release. The detailed analysis of nearly 43 million people was published Monday in the American Heart Association journal Circulation. The overall risk of myocarditis – inflammation of the heart muscle – is substantially higher immediately after being infected with COVID-19 than it is in the weeks following vaccination for the coronavirus, a large new study in England shows.
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